diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
index a04510c..f2be675 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -15,13 +15,26 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        os: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest"]
-        python-version: [ "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14" ]
-    name: Test (${{ matrix.python-version }}, ${{ matrix.os }})
+        os: ["ubuntu-latest", "macos-latest", "windows-latest"]
+        python-version: [ "3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14" ]
+        compiler: ["default", "mingw", "msvc"]
+        exclude:
+          # MinGW and MSVC are Windows-only
+          - os: "ubuntu-latest"
+            compiler: "mingw"
+          - os: "ubuntu-latest"
+            compiler: "msvc"
+          - os: "macos-latest"
+            compiler: "mingw"
+          - os: "macos-latest"
+            compiler: "msvc"
+          - os: "windows-latest"
+            compiler: "default"
+    name: Test (${{ matrix.python-version }}, ${{ matrix.os }}${{ matrix.os == 'windows-latest' && format(', {0}', matrix.compiler) || '' }})
     runs-on:  ${{ matrix.os }}
     defaults:
       run:
-        shell: bash -l {0}
+        shell: ${{ matrix.os == 'windows-latest' && 'pwsh' || 'bash -l {0}' }}
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v2
     - uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v3
@@ -31,6 +44,10 @@ jobs:
         activate-environment: cppimport
         environment-file: environment.yml
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
+    - name: Install MinGW-w64 compiler (Windows MinGW)
+      if: ${{ matrix.os == 'windows-latest' && matrix.compiler == 'mingw' }}
+      run: |
+        conda install -y -c conda-forge gxx_win-64
     - name: Install cppimport
       run: |
         pip install --no-deps -e .
@@ -43,12 +60,20 @@ jobs:
     - name: Check import ordering with isort
       run: |
         isort --check . 
-    - name: Test
+    - name: Test (macOS)
       if: ${{ matrix.os == 'macos-latest' }}
       run: |
         CFLAGS='-stdlib=libc++' pytest --cov=./ --cov-report=xml
-    - name: Test
-      if: ${{ matrix.os != 'macos-latest' }}
+    - name: Test (Windows MinGW)
+      if: ${{ matrix.os == 'windows-latest' && matrix.compiler == 'mingw' }}
+      run: |
+        pytest --cov=./ --cov-report=xml
+    - name: Test (Windows MSVC)
+      if: ${{ matrix.os == 'windows-latest' && matrix.compiler == 'msvc' }}
+      run: |
+        pytest --cov=./ --cov-report=xml
+    - name: Test (Linux)
+      if: ${{ matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest' }}
       run: |
         pytest --cov=./ --cov-report=xml
   build-and-publish:
@@ -59,13 +84,12 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-    - uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v2
+    - uses: conda-incubator/setup-miniconda@v3
       with:
         mamba-version: "*"
         channels: conda-forge
         activate-environment: cppimport
         environment-file: environment.yml
-        python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
     - name: Get history and tags for SCM versioning to work
       run: |
         git fetch --prune --unshallow
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 79dfb27..d15c846 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 *.swp
 *.pyc
+*.pyd
+*.pyd.old
 *.so
 *.cppimporthash
 .rendered.*
@@ -15,4 +17,5 @@ htmlcov
 **/.DS_Store
 .eggs
 cppimport/_version.py
-*.lock
\ No newline at end of file
+*.lock
+logs
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index 14024e5..bc761e8 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 20.8b1
+    rev: 24.10.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
         language_version: python3
-  - repo: https://gitlab.com/pycqa/flake8
-    rev: 3.8.4
+  - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/flake8
+    rev: 7.1.2
     hooks:
       - id: flake8
   - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/isort
-    rev: 5.7.0
+    rev: 5.13.2
     hooks:
       - id: isort
         name: isort (python)
diff --git a/cppimport/build_module.py b/cppimport/build_module.py
index 830e715..a09364e 100644
--- a/cppimport/build_module.py
+++ b/cppimport/build_module.py
@@ -131,6 +131,20 @@ def copy_extensions_to_source(self):
             src_filename = os.path.join(self.build_lib, filename)
             dest_filename = os.path.join(ext.libdest, os.path.basename(filename))
 
+            # On Windows, a loaded .pyd cannot be deleted or overwritten, but
+            # it can be renamed. Move the old file out of the way first.
+            if sys.platform == "win32" and os.path.exists(dest_filename):
+                old_filename = dest_filename + ".old"
+                try:
+                    if os.path.exists(old_filename):
+                        os.remove(old_filename)
+                except OSError:
+                    pass
+                try:
+                    os.rename(dest_filename, old_filename)
+                except OSError:
+                    pass
+
             distutils.file_util.copy_file(
                 src_filename, dest_filename, verbose=self.verbose
             )
diff --git a/cppimport/templating.py b/cppimport/templating.py
index aaa9e20..0a8c918 100644
--- a/cppimport/templating.py
+++ b/cppimport/templating.py
@@ -65,25 +65,26 @@ def setup_pybind11(cfg):
     import pybind11
 
     cfg["include_dirs"] += [pybind11.get_include(), pybind11.get_include(True)]
-    
+
     # Prefix with c++11 arg instead of suffix so that if a user specifies c++14
     # (or later!) then it won't be overridden.
     prefix_args = ["-std=c++11", "-fvisibility=hidden"]
     # MSVC compiler do not support "-std=c++11" nor "-fvisibility=hidden"
     if os.name == "nt":
         import sys
-        if sys.version_info[0] >=3 and sys.version_info[1] > 11:
+
+        if sys.version_info[0] >= 3 and sys.version_info[1] > 11:
             from setuptools._distutils import ccompiler
         else:
             from distutils import ccompiler
         compiler = ccompiler.new_compiler()
         if compiler.compiler_type == "msvc":
-            for k in ["-std=c++11", "-fvisibility=hidden"]: # remove unsupported flags
+            for k in ["-std=c++11", "-fvisibility=hidden"]:  # remove unsupported flags
                 try:
                     prefix_args.remove(k)
                 except ValueError:
                     pass
-    
+
     cfg["compiler_args"] = prefix_args + cfg["compiler_args"]